Deflation is now accepted as the biggest threat to Western economies, especially hugely indebted nations, like the U.S. and Britain.

Inflation, which was recently the major enemy, has swiftly retreated, as widely predicted.

Many experts are belatedly waking up to the gravity of the situation. In the UK, former Chancellor of the Exchequer, Ken Clarke, has dismissed comparisons with the 1970s, ’80s and ’90s, likening current conditions explicitly with 1929/30.

Normally cautious Bank of England Governor, Mervyn King, forecasts a 2 percent contraction in the British economy next year, with interest rates falling rapidly to nought percent for the first time in history.

Deflation is now the enemy we must all factor in to our expectations in the near-to-medium terms, even in the dependably buoyant American economy. The Japanese “lost decade” of the 1990s may be set to play out across the world.

Why then is deflation necessarily worse than inflation?

In an era of massive indebtedness, both private and public, deflation increases the burden. As incomes decline, debts remain the same — at levels signed for in better times. It’s the exact opposite of the apparent wealth created during periods of rapidly rising house prices.

Professor Peter Spencer of York University says, “It is going to be absolute murder in Britain if inflation turns negative. The big difference with past episodes is that we are now much more heavily indebted. Few people owned their own houses in 1930s. Debts were miniscule.”

Another symptom of deflation is that consumers wait for lower prices before shopping, causing job-losses in Main Street and yet more bad economic news.

So what can be done either to pre-empt or cure the curse of falling prices across the board?

Curiously, Keynesianism which, in its misunderstood version is disastrous in normal times, does hold out some hope in depressive conditions. Expect central banks to start printing money soon and dropping it from helicopters, if they haven’t started already. Want to buy some rising stock? Buy helicopter shares. [This is not financial advice.]

If you’re one of those noble souls who saved assiduously during the asset bubbles, you will just have to stand by and watch the profligate oafs who caused the problem clean up, while your own responsible hoard of value drains away.

It’s just not fair, but it will probably have to happen “for the greater good”.

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If you were an investment banker, the chances are you’ve already lost your job. If you were something less than a Master of the Universe, yours may have disappeared without a splash on CNN.

Is there any consolation for losing a job or a career, even in an economy on the brink of a slump? Paul Graham makes a great case for it.

“Our bodies weren’t designed to eat the foods that people in rich countries eat, or to get so little exercise. There may be a similar problem with the way we work: a normal job may be as bad for us intellectually as white flour or sugar is for us physically.”

But don’t jobs and food actually go together?

“The root of the problem is that humans weren’t meant to work in such large groups. … Though they’re statistically abnormal, startup founders seem to be working in a way that’s more natural for humans.”

Paul Graham — who is a venture capitalist — is right. You can buck the system and you owe it to yourself to make the attempt.

Incidentally, a recession is a great time to go it alone. Venture capitalists have money burning a hole in their vaults, there’s a surfeit of experts going cheap, and opportunities for anyone with a great idea or a new approach.

Innovation is at a premium during a downturn. Many of the biggest names in corporate America began in a garage during a recession when there was little else to do.

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Each succeeding generation seems to have to make that choice, depending on the business cycle and the severity of booms and downturns.

In the present world recession the context is so severe that it’s become a crisis in both the financial markets and the real economy. Many governments are having to nationalize part or all of their banking systems. Financial services never seemed so brittle.

Is that really the case though? In a well-argued article, The world needs Up-To-A-Pointism, John Evans suggests that by staying within the boundaries where governments and free markets work best, the world would be a much more stable place to live and do business.

Although mostly mutually-exclusive, the interface between regulation and free markets could be made to operate more efficiently, to the benefit of both.

So what is the state of the U.S. economy right now, given that shares are down around 20pc from October peaks?

Car sales are at a 10-year low, with General Motors’ shares selling at levels last experienced in the 1950s. GM, Ford and Chrysler may just be running into liquidity crises as cash flow fades, according to Wall Street sources.

With the climate change bandwagon running strongly, it will take time to shut down the 4×4 factories and increase output at plants producing smaller cars. Profits will fall as a result.

Housing starts have fallen by half from their January 2006 peak. The National Association of Home Builders’ index is at an all-time low. Inventories of unsold houses remain high, with foreclosures rising.

Most of the foreclosures and price falls are centered in California, Nevada (especially Las Vegas) and Florida.

Average prices in Manhattan continue to rise, driven in part by Europeans and others. Considering that a euro buys around $1.60 worth of property in New York, this must be a bonanza for cash-rich Europeans.

Last week’s jobs report was generally in line with expectations, essentially bad, but not cliff-falling territory.

Non-farm payrolls dropped by 62,000 in June, and earlier reports of lost jobs were revised upward by 52,000.

Since December, non-farm payrolls are down by 438,000. The unemployment rate remains at 5.5pc, not particularly high by historic standards.

A mixed picture then. Not as healthy as one might expect, but not the worst-case scenario either.

However, with the credit crunch bill now forecast to reach $1.6trillion, the outlook may be blacker than many realize.