The collapse of the American sub-prime market, with all its attendant woes, both to borrowers and lenders, really hit home yesterday.

The European Central Bank, regulator of the Eurozone group of countries, piled into the markets with $130 billion of cheap, emergency credit.

In what was the biggest central bank intervention since 9/11, the ECB move came after reports that commercial lenders were desperately hauling back the supply of loans.

French giant BNP Paribas suspended withdrawals from three of its investment funds because of their exposure to the U.S. sub-prime market, saying “There has been a complete evaporation of liquidity” from credit markets, which could escalate into a worldwide credit squeeze.

Rumours were rife of impending fund meltdowns and banking collapses. Trevor Williams of Lloyds TSB said, “Liquidity has dried up basically. It’s a moment of panic.”

Nick Sparks, risk manager at F&C Partners, said, “People have got caught out. There will be more pain to come.”

Credit cards are easy, right? You have a credit limit. As long as your balance isn’t as high as your credit limit, you can pay for things with your credit card. When you pay for something with your credit card, you don’t have to pay for it until later. You pay interest on your credit card balance and as long as you don’t go over your credit limit, everything’s fine.

Well, not quite. Here are some of the most frequently asked questions about credit cards — and their answers, of course.

What’s interest?

In a nutshell, interest is money that you pay a lender for the privilege of using HIS money to buy something.

What’s this about “interest rates” and percentages?

The interest rate is a way of determining how much you’re paying for borrowing money on your credit card. It’s stated as a percentage of the outstanding balance on your card, usually as an APR or annual percentage rate. The lower the APR, the less interest you’re paying on the amount you owe.

Okay — so why would anyone choose a credit card with a high interest rate?

Most people don’t CHOOSE to pay a high interest rate. The bank decides what interest rate it will charge you, usually based on how much of a “credit risk” you are. They determine that by looking at your history of paying bills. If you’ve got a history of paying bills on time, then you’ll qualify for lower interest rates. If you haven’t ever had any bills to pay, or if you’ve had trouble paying your bills, that will show in your credit history, too. Since it’s a little riskier to lend you money, banks will charge a higher interest rate.

One other reason that people might actually choose a credit car with a higher interest rate is for the rewards or privileges that come with that card. If the card includes special perks that you want, they may offset the higher interest rate and make it worthwhile.

My card says that I pay interest on the “outstanding balance”. What does that mean?

Your outstanding balance is the amount that you owe altogether on your credit card. Credit card companies generally calculate what’s called an “average daily balance” for each month and base your interest charge on that. If you had a $50 balance from the first of the month to the twentieth, then charged a $400 computer, your interest will be computed on the average between 20 days at $50 and 10 days at $450.

What’s the “minimum payment”? As long as I pay that, I’m fine, right?

The minimum payment is the lowest amount that the credit card issuer will accept toward your balance. It varies from month to month, depending on your balance. Paying JUST the minimum balance may keep your credit card active and keep the credit card company from reporting your account as delinquent, but it will barely make a dent in the amount you owe. Whenever possible, you should pay more than the minimum amount. In fact, it’s best to try to pay off your balance in full each month to avoid paying interest charges.

According to a study by the Center for Responsible Lending, subprime mortgages produced more than $2 trillion in home loans but these loans have led to a loss in home ownership, not an increase.

A higher percentage of subprime loans end in foreclosure than prime loans. The CRL estimates that more than 15% of subprime loans orginated since 1998 either have ended in foreclosure or will end in foreclosure. It isn’t just new home buyers who have experienced loss of home ownership, these figures include borrowers who refinanced loans.

Foreclosure has long-term effects and homeowners who lose their homes may not get back into homeownership for ten or more years.

Subprime Lending is a Net Drain on Homeownership

As I have mentioned before, the IRS offers taxpayers with an income of less than $50,000 (increasing to $52,000 for 2007) the option to file their taxes online for free.

The tax services offered through Free File are provided by third party tax preparers such as H&R Block. These tax preparers have offered refund anticipation loans along with the tax filing but the IRS says it will prohibit those loans in the future.

Refund Anticipation Loans, or RALs, offer taxpayers a way to get their refund money faster but there are high interest charges and fees that are deducted from the refund, thus lowering the final refund the taxpayer receives. The attraction of getting that refund in a few days has cost low-income taxpayers millions of dollars in fees and the IRS wants to put an end to it.

The IRS says it is going to ban the marketing of refund anticipation loans to taxpayers who use the “Free File” online filing system.